Jessie

Procedure/Method: (*Make sure to settle down between the cups of drink*) Materials -Electrocardiogram -Heart rate monitor -Energy Drink -Lap Top -A willing volunteer (an unwilling volunteer can substitute if a willing one can not be found).
 * 1) Put heart rate monitor and an electric cardiogram on the person being tested.
 * 2) Attach heart rate monitor to computer.
 * 3) Drink one cup of the energy drink.
 * 4) Record the data
 * 5) Repeat with two cups.. three.. six.. cups.
 * Appendix I:**

Caffeine- A compound that acts as a stimulant for humans, a drug that temporarily alertness and wakefulness. We are trying to see if the caffeine in Red Bull (our power drink) can affect people at a constant rate.

Electrocardiogram- An instrument used in the detection and diagnosis of heart abnormalities that measures electrical potentials on the body surface and generates a record of the electrical currents associated with heart muscle activity.

Millivolts- one one thousandth of a volt that are often used to measure potencial energy of the heart.

Depolarization- A decrease in the [|absolute value] of a cell's [|membrane potential]. Thus, changes in membrane voltage in which the membrane potential becomes less positive or less negative are both depolarizations. The rising and falling phases of an action potential are often imprecisely called depolarization and hyperpolarization, respectively.

Electrode- a conductor, not necessarily metallic, through which a current enters or leaves a nonmetallic medium, as an electrolytic cell, arc generator, vacuum tube, or gaseous discharge tube.

Heart- a hollow, pump-like organ of blood circulation composed mainly of rhythmically contractile smooth muscle, located in the chest between the lungs and slightly to the left and consisting of four chambers.

Heart rate- The number of heartbeats per unit of time, usually expressed as beats per minute.

Polarized- To cause a sharp division, as of a population or group, into opposing factions.

Potential millivolts- the amount possible in millivolts.


 * Appendix II:**

-What it is -Affects on the Heart -Why it’s important to our experiment
 * Caffeine**

Caffeine is a compound that acts as a stimulant for humans, a drug that temporarily alertness and wakefulness. It increases the levels of cAMP cells in the heart. It copies the effects of epinephrine (aka adrenaline). cAMP is used for transferring hormones like glucagon and adrenaline, which cannot get through the cell membrane. It acts as a "secondary messenger," activating protein kinase A (PKA). This increased PKA activity to increase the responsiveness in the calcium currents that control the beating of the heart. We are trying to see if the caffeine in Red Bull will have a fast and stedy affect on three different types of body types. We want to find out if caffeine will raise our heart rate at a constant rate.

Formula : C8H10N4O2

Figure: This shows the caffeine molecule that flows throughout our blood system when we drink caffeinated drinks.

-What it is -Why we used it
 * Electrocardiograph**

A electrocardiograph is an instrument used in the detection and diagnosis of heart abnormalities that measures electrical potentials on the body surface and generates a record of the electrical currents associated with heart muscle activity. We used this for our experiment to be able to measure the heart rate of the person at all times. The heart rates were recorded onto the computer, and then they could show us the frequency. This allowed us to be able to record all of the data accurately and made everything much easier for us.